A traffic crash, a weak link profile, and competitors with massive brand equity.
By mid-2020, the site's traffic had crashed from approximately 40K monthly visitors down to around 7-8K. Part of this was the COVID spike and subsequent drop that many e-commerce sites experienced, but the underlying issues ran deeper. The site already ranked for some "artificial grass in [location]" searches, but the intent behind those queries didn't match the products being sold, a misalignment that limited conversion potential.
Technically, the site was in reasonable shape. A few redirect cleanups and internal linking tweaks had already been handled. The real problem was authority. The site had around 220 referring domains, but roughly 80% of those were low-quality directory links that contributed little to nothing in terms of ranking power. Making matters more complex, the brand name itself contained "artificial grass," which meant branded anchor text was effectively the same as keyword-rich anchor text, creating an inherent over-optimisation risk.
The competitive landscape was challenging. B&Q, Wickes, and other major retailers had enormous brand equity and domain authority. Among the smaller specialist players, the playing field was more level, but winning required a fundamentally different approach to link building than what had been tried before.